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'''IXP''' means '''Internet Exchange Point'''. It is also known as a Network Access Point or NAP. An IXP is a physical point where different [[ISP]]s meet to exchange their data and hence different networks are connected together to form the Internet. IXPs are perhaps the most important part of the Internet, as without them the concept of global [[WAN|wide area networking]] would not be possible.<ref>[http://www.infocellar.com/networks/internet/nap-ixp.htm InfoCellar]</ref> | |||
'''IXP''' means Internet Exchange Point. It is also known as Network Access Point or NAP. An IXP is a physical point where different [[ISP]]s meet to exchange their data and hence different networks are connected together to form the Internet. IXPs are perhaps the most important part of | |||
==History== | ==History== | ||
The first IXPs established were | The first IXPs established were the Metropolitan Area Ethernet in Washington D.C., the Commercial Internet Exchange in Palo Alto, the Federal Internet Exchange in San Jose and the Hong Kong Internet Exchange at the Chinese University of Hong Kong.<ref>[http://www.sanog.org/resources/sanog7/gaurab-ixp-tutorial.pdf Sanog]</ref> | ||
There are 91 countries with 1 or more IXPs. However, 106 countries depend on others for data transfer and need to develop their own IXPs.<ref>[https://prefix.pch.net/applications/ixpdir/summary/ PCH Prefix]</ref> The list of all the IXPs present in the world can be found [http://www.datacentermap.com/ixps.html here]. | |||
There are 91 countries with 1 or more IXPs. However 106 countries | |||
==Benefits== | ==Benefits== | ||
An IXP reduces an ISP's cost of data interchange to a great extent. If a region has its own IXP, the ISPs connecting to it do not have to pay anything. However, if IXPs are not present ISPs would have to pay third party networks to do the same job.<ref>[http://academy.itu.int/index.php/topics/item/44-ixp ITU Academy]</ref> | |||
An IXP reduces | |||
Due to the presence of an IXP, the network paths are increased therefore increasing the routing efficiency. It becomes easy for ISPs to connect to other ISPs across | Due to the presence of an IXP, the network paths are increased therefore increasing the routing efficiency. It becomes easy for ISPs to connect to other ISPs across borders.<ref>[http://www.intgovforum.org/cms/components/com_chronocontact/uploads/WSProposals2011/20110912060903_PCH%2520Overview%2520of%2520Internet%2520Exchange%2520Points.pdf IntGovForum]</ref> | ||
Furthermore, the speed of data transfer through an IXP is much higher due to the greater bandwidth. The absence of IXPs in under-developed regions creates a poor network and the quality of data transfer is not so good.<ref>[http://www.isoc.org/internet/issues/ixp.shtml ISOC]</ref> | |||
== Governance Models == | |||
There are different governance models, varying from for-profit to non-profit versions. There are industry led IXPs like DE-CIX that delegates decisions to an industry association, multistakeholder-led IXPs that were established by the government like CAIX, and hybrid IXPs like KIXP that were set up by the industry with multistakeholder participation. Member-based IXPs like LINX and AMS-IX allow direct voting.<ref>https://research.tudelft.nl/en/publications/multistakeholder-governance-and-nodal-authority-understanding-int</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Glossary|IXP]] | ||
